| 1. | On chrysanthemums, snapdragons and roses, it causes stem cankers.
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| 2. | Stem cankers form from the disease moving systemically through the plant.
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| 3. | Additional stem canker and dieback are caused by the pathogen.
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| 4. | Stem cankers develop 1 to 3 years after branches die.
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| 5. | Some of the symptoms of stem canker are branch splitting, gummosis and bark blistering.
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| 6. | Stem cankers are best treated by pruning out infection as soon as it is noticed.
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| 7. | Relatively recently, Stem cankers were observed on sunflower plants growing in a field in Illinois.
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| 8. | These include leaf disease, stem canker, wood rot, and root rot-causing fungi.
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| 9. | This colonization leads to the invasion and destruction of the stem cortex, which leads to the formation of stem canker.
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| 10. | This suggests that there may be several species or biotypes of " Phomopsis " that cause stem canker worldwide.
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