aminopterin वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
मोबाइल
- Consistent with the known enterohepatic cycling of the related antifolate methotrexate, oral activated charcoal, and saline cathartic or sorbitol may promote excretion if an overdose of aminopterin is suspected.
- That same year, Milunsky, Graef, and Gaynor reported cases of cleft lip and palate associated with attempted abortion with methotrexate and aminopterin, which are folic acid antagonists.
- In some cases the abortion didn�t happen, but the newborns suffered a fetal aminopterin syndrome consisting of growth retardation, craniosynostosis, hydrocephalus, facial dismorphities, mental retardation and / or leg defomities
- During the period Aminopterin was marketed, the agent was used off-label to safely treat over 4, 000 patients with psoriasis in the United States, producing dramatic clearing of lesions.
- Thus, when the ratio of folic acid to aminopterin was 200 : 1 and greater, all of the subjects survived on regimens that would have otherwise been uniformly fatal to all subjects.
- They include the cancer drugs aminopterin and methotrexate; sulfasalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug; pyrimethamine, used to treat protozoal infections; triamterene, a diuretic; and trimethoprim, an ingredient of the antibiotic Bactrim.
- Now in a more pure preparation and supported by laboratory evidence of superior tumor cell uptake " in vitro ", aminopterin is being investigated in clinical trials in leukemia as a potentially superior antifolate to methotrexate.
- Exposing cells to aminopterin ( a folic acid analogue, which inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, DHFR ), makes them unable to use the de novo pathway and become fully auxotrophic for nucleic acids, thus requiring supplementation to survive.
- Supralethal doses of aminopterin may be rescued with the antidote Leucovorin ( also known as "'folinic acid "'), a reduced form of folic acid which bypasses dihydrofolate reductase, the enzyme inhibited by aminopterin.
- Supralethal doses of aminopterin may be rescued with the antidote Leucovorin ( also known as "'folinic acid "'), a reduced form of folic acid which bypasses dihydrofolate reductase, the enzyme inhibited by aminopterin.
- Texas researcher Barton Kamen said one of the first drugs used in chemotherapy-- aminopterin, now no longer manufactured-- may be a useful treatment for children with acute lymphocytic leukemia who do not respond to the standard chemotherapeutic drug.
- Similar effects have been noted in rodent species as well, where the range for rescue by folic acid was fairly narrow and highly dependent on the timing ( optimal of 1 hour prior to aminopterin ) of administration in relation to aminopterin.
- Similar effects have been noted in rodent species as well, where the range for rescue by folic acid was fairly narrow and highly dependent on the timing ( optimal of 1 hour prior to aminopterin ) of administration in relation to aminopterin.
- 1947 : Dr . Sidney Farber, pediatric pathologist, requested Dr . Yellapragada Subbarow ( of Lederle lab and his friend and colleague at Harvard Medical School ) to supply Aminopterin and later Amithopterin ( Methotrexate ) to conduct trials on acute leukemic children.
- In humans, leucovorin rescue at overdosages lower than 10 mg aminopterin in an average 70 kg adult should comprise an initial leucovorin dose of at least 20 mg ( 10.0 mg / m 2 ), given intravenously ( preferably ), or orally.
- Dr . Sidney Farber received the Lasker in 1966 for his 1947 discovery that a combination of aminopterin and methotrexate, both folic acid antagonists, could produce remission in patients with acute leukemia, and for " his constant leadership in the search for chemical agents against cancer ".
- Additionally, to prevent reversible aminopterin-mediated nephrotoxicity manifesting as increases in serum creatinine and which further delays drug elimination, urinary alkalinization with and volume expansion should be considered in cases of massive aminopterin overdosage, particularly those involving greater than 100 mg AMT in an average 70 kg adult human.
- Additionally, to prevent reversible aminopterin-mediated nephrotoxicity manifesting as increases in serum creatinine and which further delays drug elimination, urinary alkalinization with and volume expansion should be considered in cases of massive aminopterin overdosage, particularly those involving greater than 100 mg AMT in an average 70 kg adult human.
- On a HAT medium, only those cells that have active HGPRT ( HGPRT + ) and TK ( TK + ) enzymes can proliferate, while those deficient in these enzymes ( HGPRr-and / or TK-) can not divide ( since they cannot produce purines and pyrimidines due to the aminopterin present in the HAT medium ).
- Massive aminopterin overdosage in humans ( i . e . > 40 mg AMT in an average 70 kg adult ), should be approached with an initial leucovorin dose of 100 mg ( 50 mg / m 2 ), given intravenously and continued at 6 hour intervals until the hematological abnormalities are improved ( likely 8 12 courses or more ).
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