conditioned stimulus वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
मोबाइल
- After conditioning, subjects that show the conditioned response not only to the original conditioned stimulus but also to similar new stimuli resembling the original conditioned stimulus are displaying what is called " generalization ".
- For example, an agent ( such as a mouse in the figure ) is exposed to a light ( the first conditioned stimulus, CS1 ), together with food ( the unconditioned stimulus, US ).
- The rat, originally a neutral stimulus, had become a conditioned stimulus, and it was eliciting an emotional response ( conditioned response ) similar to the distress ( unconditioned response ) originally given to the noise ( unconditioned stimulus ).
- The first is called delay conditioning, which is when the conditioned stimulus ( tone ) starts, then continues until the unconditioned stimulus ( air puff ) is released after a delay, then they both suspend at the same time.
- In Pavlov's framework, an unconditioned stimulus can follow in constant conjunction a conditioning / conditioned stimulus within a timeframe of milliseconds to several seconds, and result in the conditioned stimulus having many of the properties of the unconditioned stimulus.
- In Pavlov's framework, an unconditioned stimulus can follow in constant conjunction a conditioning / conditioned stimulus within a timeframe of milliseconds to several seconds, and result in the conditioned stimulus having many of the properties of the unconditioned stimulus.
- For example, if seeing a dog ( a neutral stimulus ) is paired with the pain of being bitten by the dog ( unconditioned stimulus ), seeing a dog may become a conditioned stimulus that elicits fear ( conditioned response ).
- In the evaluation task after subjects were exposed to multiple valenced unconditioned stimulus ( US ) and novel neutral conditioned stimulus ( CS ) pairs, subjects rated more positively for the CS paired with positive items than for the CS paired with negative items.
- Many invertebrate species learn to withdraw from, or alter their behaviour in response to, a conditioned stimulus when this has been previously paired with an electric shock cited by Sherwin and include snails, leeches, locusts, bees and various marine molluscs.
- Second-order schedules are built from two simpler schedules; completion of the first schedule results in the presentation of an abbreviated version conditioned stimulus, following completion of a fixed-interval, the drug is delivered, alongside the full-length conditioned stimulus.
- Second-order schedules are built from two simpler schedules; completion of the first schedule results in the presentation of an abbreviated version conditioned stimulus, following completion of a fixed-interval, the drug is delivered, alongside the full-length conditioned stimulus.
- But, animals persist in attempting to consume the conditioned stimulus for thousands of trials ( a phenomenon known as "'negative automaintenance "'), unable to cease their behavioural response to the conditioned stimulus even when it prevents them from obtaining a reward.
- But, animals persist in attempting to consume the conditioned stimulus for thousands of trials ( a phenomenon known as "'negative automaintenance "'), unable to cease their behavioural response to the conditioned stimulus even when it prevents them from obtaining a reward.
- The procedure is relatively simple and usually consists of pairing an auditory or visual stimulus ( the conditioned stimulus ( CS ) ) with an eyeblink-eliciting unconditioned stimulus ( US ) ( e . g . a mild puff of air to the cornea or a mild shock ).
- Albert initially showed no fear of a white rat ( neutral stimulus ), but after the sight of the rat had been accompanied five times by the loud noise, he cried and tried to escape the rat, showing that the rat had become a conditioned stimulus for fear.
- One of the most extensively studied cerebellar learning tasks is the eyeblink conditioning paradigm, in which a neutral conditioned stimulus ( CS ) such as a tone or a light is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus ( US ), such as an air puff, that elicits a blink response.
- An example would be the case of conditioned stimulus, the bell, is considered the ISI . More particularly, ISI is often used in eyeblink conditioning ( a widely studied type of classical conditioning involving puffs of air blown into the subject's eyes ) where the ISI can effect learning based on the size of the time gap.
- What is of interest in this particular type of classical conditioning is that when the subject is conditioned to blink after the conditioned stimulus ( tone ), the blink will take place within the time period between the tone and the air puff, making the subject's eyes close before the puff can reach the eyes, protecting them from the air.
- These proteins became of interest in neurobiology with the finding that in the nudibranch ( sea slug ) " Hermissenda crassicornis ", the protein Csp24 ( conditioned stimulus pathway phosphoprotein-24 ), with 4 repeats, is involved in simple forms of learning : both one-trial enhancement of the excitability of sensory neurons in the conditioned stimulus pathway, and in multi-trial Pavlovian conditioning.
- These proteins became of interest in neurobiology with the finding that in the nudibranch ( sea slug ) " Hermissenda crassicornis ", the protein Csp24 ( conditioned stimulus pathway phosphoprotein-24 ), with 4 repeats, is involved in simple forms of learning : both one-trial enhancement of the excitability of sensory neurons in the conditioned stimulus pathway, and in multi-trial Pavlovian conditioning.
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