negative transfer वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
मोबाइल
- Within the theory of contrastive analysis, the systematic study of a pair of languages with a view to identifying their structural differences and similarities, the greater the differences between the two languages, the more negative transfer can be expected.
- For example, if a mariner already knows how to operate navigation equipment and if negative transfer occurs, he or she may display more errors while learning to operate new equipment than a mariner who has never operated navigation equipment.
- Throughout the 1950s, researchers provided some of the earliest evidence that the prior existence of old memories makes it harder to recall newer memories and he dubbed this effect " proactive interference . " During the same time, researchers began investigating negative transfer.
- Concepts of positive and negative transfer have a long history; researchers in the early 20th century described the possibility that " . . . habits or mental acts developed by a particular kind of training may inhibit rather than facilitate other mental activities ".
- In addition to positive transfer resulting in correct language production and negative transfer resulting in errors, there is some evidence that transfer from the first language can result in a kind of technical, or analytical, advantage over native ( monolingual ) speakers of a language.
- In this paradigm, two lists of paired associates are learned in succession, and if the second set of associations ( List 2 ) constitutes a modification of the first set of associations ( List 1 ), negative transfer results and thus the learning rate of the second list is slower than the first list.
- In the former case, similarities between languages was said to facilitate learning, In the latter case, one set of entrenched language habits imposed themselves on the developing language and caused non-native forms ( errors ) to occur : the result was called negative transfer, also termed interference, a foreign accent being a typical example of this ( Lado 1957 ).
- अधिक वाक्य: 1 2
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