particle number वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
मोबाइल
- This quantity is not extensive as can be seen by considering two identical volumes with the same particle number and the same energy.
- Where denotes pressure, denotes temperature, denotes volume, and the ellipsis denotes other possible state variables like particle number and entropy.
- In systems with large particle numbers, in contrast, usually only statistically averaged or collective quantities about the system can be measured.
- Again, we are presently unable to calculate results below the critical temperature, because the particle numbers using the above equation become negative.
- Further, assuming conservation of particle number, he expanded the density ( number of particles per unit volume ) change in a Taylor series:
- Many of the defining characteristics of a superfluid arise from the notion that its quantum state is a superposition of states with different particle numbers.
- Correspondingly, it is possible that LDL cholesterol concentration can be relatively high, yet LDL particle number low and cardiovascular events are also low.
- However, does vary strongly with discrete variables such as numbers of particles, and so it must be applied before summing over particle numbers.
- A naive way of explaining this observation is to use the idea that ApoB100 reflects lipoprotein particle number ( independent of their cholesterol content ).
- The price is that there is a nonuniformity in certain expressions, because replacing annihilation with creation adds a constant to the negative energy particle number.
- For example, in a superfluid, both the " U ( 1 ) " particle number symmetry and Galilean symmetry are spontaneously broken.
- This explains why the " particle numbers ", which are defined in terms of the creation and annihilation operators, are different in both coordinates.
- The following table lists various thermodynamic quantities calculated in the limit of low temperature and high temperature, and in the limit of infinite particle number.
- As a result, the grand canonical ensemble can be highly inaccurate when applied to small systems of fixed particle number, such as atomic nuclei.
- For systems where the particle number is variable ( due to contact with a particle reservoir ), the correct description is the grand canonical ensemble.
- It turns out, however, that the above equation for particle number expresses the number of bosons in excited states rather well, and thus:
- The truth of this statement for volume is trivial, for particles one might say that the total particle number of each atomic element is conserved.
- What is the frequency of particle collisions in an ideal gas, given the standard parameters ( particle number, pressure, volume, temperature )?
- Since all levels of expectation values can be nonzero, up to the actual particle number, this equation cannot be directly truncated without further considerations.
- For example, for a thermodynamic system consisting of a piston containing water vapour, the particle number is the number of water molecules in the system.
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