rule utilitarianism वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
मोबाइल
- Strong rule utilitarianism ( "'SRU "') gives a utilitarian account for the claim that moral rules should be obeyed at all places and times.
- Weak rule utilitarianism ( "'WRU "') attempts to handle David Lyons and others have argued, this will necessarily tend to collapse into act utilitarianism.
- Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, articles were published both for and against the new form of utilitarianism, and through this debate the theory we now call rule utilitarianism was created.
- In terms of two-level utilitarianism, act utilitarianism can be likened to the'critical'level of moral thinking, and rule utilitarianism to the'intuitive'level.
- The arguments for moving to some form of motive utilitarianism at the personal level can be seen as mirroring the arguments for moving to some form of rule utilitarianism at the social level.
- However, rule utilitarianism proposes a more central role for rules that was thought to rescue the theory from some of its more devastating criticisms, particularly problems to do with justice and promise keeping.
- When we are " inculcating " or in situations where the biases of our human nature are likely to prevent us doing the calculations properly, then we should use the more general rule utilitarianism.
- He defended a version of rule utilitarianism in " Toward a credible form of utilitarianism " ( 1963 ) and performed cultural-anthropological studies in " Hopi Ethics " ( 1954 ).
- Rule utilitarianism might have an issue with that because " torture convicted criminals " is actually a version of the rule / maxim " impose societal norms using brutal force " . talk ) 00 : 24, 15 June 2011 ( UTC)
- It has been argued that rule utilitarianism collapses into act utilitarianism, because for any given rule, in the case where breaking the rule produces more utility, the rule can be refined by the addition of a sub-rule that handles cases like the exception.
- Act utilitarianism states that in all cases the morally right action is the one which produces the most pleasure, whereas rule utilitarianism states that the morally right action is the one that is in accordance with a moral rule whose general observance would create the most happiness.
- According to deontology, people have a " duty " to act in a way that does those things that are inherently good as acts ( " truth-telling " for example ), or follow an objectively obligatory rule ( as in rule utilitarianism ).
- Whilst this story might be quoted as part of a justification for moving from act to rule utilitarianism McCloskey anticipates this and points out that each rule has to be judged on its utility and it is not at all obvious that a rule with exceptions has less utility.
- Other important sources for Berkeley's views on morality are " Alciphron " ( 1732 ), especially dialogues I III, and the " Discourse to Magistrates " ( 1738 ) . " " Passive Obedience " is notable partly for containing one of the earliest statements of rule utilitarianism.
- What seems extra surprising to me is that there seems to be a close analogy between this and the philosophical issues of act utilitarianism ( the " transcontinental congress " methods ) and rule utilitarianism ( the land hemisphere method ); there are different ways of trying to decide on the " true " center depending on exactly how the " greater good " is defined . talk ) 06 : 11, 28 January 2011 ( UTC)
- As stated before, Consequentialism says " Judge an action by its outcome . " Utilitarianism says " Compare different outcomes by virtue of how much overall happiness is produced or how much overall suffering is reduced . " An argument for Rule Utilitarianism is that we shouldn't judge on a case-by-case basis ( because it's too difficult, impractical, prone to bias, etc . ), but instead we should live by rules that tend to produce the most Utility.
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