unconditioned stimulus वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
मोबाइल
- During backward conditioning the US is presented before the CS . Unlike traditional conditioning models, in which the conditioned stimulus precedes the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned response tends to be inhibitory.
- Classical conditioning ( or Pavlovian conditioning ) is a form of learning in which one stimulus, the conditioned stimulus, comes to signal the occurrence of a second stimulus, the unconditioned stimulus.
- The other is called trace conditioning, where the conditioned stimulus ( tone ) is shorter and stops before the unconditioned stimulus ( air puff ) begins, leaving a gap between the two stimuli.
- They started with a 9-month boy called Albert , who was unemotional but was made to cry by the loud noise ( unconditioned stimulus ) of a hammer striking a steel bar.
- Several studies have also shown rodents can respond to a conditioned stimulus that has been associated with the distress of a conspecific, as if it were paired with the direct experience of an unconditioned stimulus.
- As in Pavlovian conditioning, an initially neutral stimulus, in this case environmental cues, is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus that naturally produces a response prior to conditioning ( the unconditioned response ).
- For example, an agent ( such as a mouse in the figure ) is exposed to a light ( the first conditioned stimulus, CS1 ), together with food ( the unconditioned stimulus, US ).
- When an insect encounters an odor to which it has no innate or learned response associated ( an unconditioned stimulus ), the signals are sent down the projecting neurons to the Kenyon cells of the mushroom bodies.
- Furthermore, it was tested that when the region's neurons that received auditory inputs also received unconditioned stimulus inputs and broad spectrum NMDAR antagonists in the lateral amygdala resulted in the disruption of the acquisition of fear learning.
- The other minimal requirement of a conditioning chamber is that it has a means of delivering a primary reinforcer ( a reward, such as food, etc . ) or unconditioned stimulus like food ( usually pellets ) or water.
- The rat, originally a neutral stimulus, had become a conditioned stimulus, and it was eliciting an emotional response ( conditioned response ) similar to the distress ( unconditioned response ) originally given to the noise ( unconditioned stimulus ).
- The experiments of Ivan Pavlov required several pairings of the neutral stimulus ( e . g ., a ringing bell ) with the unconditioned stimulus ( i . e ., meat powder ) before the neutral stimulus elicited a response.
- The first is called delay conditioning, which is when the conditioned stimulus ( tone ) starts, then continues until the unconditioned stimulus ( air puff ) is released after a delay, then they both suspend at the same time.
- In conditioned place preference the unconditioned stimulus could be any number of things including food pellets, water, sweet fluid, novel toys, social interaction, drug intoxication, drug withdrawal, foot shock, illness, wheel running or copulation.
- In Pavlov's framework, an unconditioned stimulus can follow in constant conjunction a conditioning / conditioned stimulus within a timeframe of milliseconds to several seconds, and result in the conditioned stimulus having many of the properties of the unconditioned stimulus.
- In Pavlov's framework, an unconditioned stimulus can follow in constant conjunction a conditioning / conditioned stimulus within a timeframe of milliseconds to several seconds, and result in the conditioned stimulus having many of the properties of the unconditioned stimulus.
- For example, if seeing a dog ( a neutral stimulus ) is paired with the pain of being bitten by the dog ( unconditioned stimulus ), seeing a dog may become a conditioned stimulus that elicits fear ( conditioned response ).
- In the evaluation task after subjects were exposed to multiple valenced unconditioned stimulus ( US ) and novel neutral conditioned stimulus ( CS ) pairs, subjects rated more positively for the CS paired with positive items than for the CS paired with negative items.
- The procedure is relatively simple and usually consists of pairing an auditory or visual stimulus ( the conditioned stimulus ( CS ) ) with an eyeblink-eliciting unconditioned stimulus ( US ) ( e . g . a mild puff of air to the cornea or a mild shock ).
- One of the most extensively studied cerebellar learning tasks is the eyeblink conditioning paradigm, in which a neutral conditioned stimulus ( CS ) such as a tone or a light is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus ( US ), such as an air puff, that elicits a blink response.
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