penning trap वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
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- Guy Savard, who learnt the ion-trap business during a postdoctoral stay at ISOLTRAP, later went on and built the Canadian Penning Trap Mass Spectrometer ( CPT ) now hosted at the Argonne National Laboratory.
- As of February 2007, the best measurement of the anomalous magnetic dipole moment of the electron was made by the group of Gerald Gabrielse at Harvard University, using a single electron caught in a Penning trap.
- Charged particles like antiprotons and positrons can be contained with electromagnetic fields ( see Penning trap, for example ), but you can't keep large numbers of the same particle together because they strongly repel one another.
- All traps in the experiment are variations on the Penning trap, which uses an axial magnetic field to transversely confine the charged particles, and a series of hollow cylindrical electrodes to trap them axially ( Fig . 1a ).
- Firstly, in the Penning trap only static fields are applied and therefore there is no micro-motion and resultant heating of the ions due to the dynamic fields, even for extended 2-and 3-dimensional ion Coulomb crystals.
- In general, beam-type mass analyzers, such as TOF and sector mass analyzers, are much larger than ion trap type such as Paul trap, Penning trap or Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry ( FT-ICR ).
- In the following years the tandem Penning trap setup was transferred from Mainz to ISOLDE and came to be known as ISOLTRAP . It started the measurements of short-lived nuclides in the late eighties and has been at the forefront of the field since then.
- Attempts to resolve these problems include Bussard's Polywell system, D . C . Barnes'modified Penning trap approach, and the University of Illinois's fusor which retains grids but attempts to more tightly focus the ions into microchannels to attempt to avoid losses.
- Solem worked out techniques to use very small quantities of antiprotons stored in a Penning trap, or similar charged-particle storage device, to perform Lilliputian experiments in high energy density physics, including opacity and equation-of-state measurements ( 1988b, 1990 ).
- There is general agreement that for the time being, the most convenient source of low-energy antiprotons is CERN's Low Energy Antiproton Ring, but many American scientists would be happier if they could fill up Penning traps with the European accelerator's cold antiprotons and take them to the United States for experiments.
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