The American Heart Association's 2009 guidelines state that, as PANDAS is an unproven hypothesis and well-controlled studies are not yet available, they do " not recommend routine laboratory testing for GAS to diagnose, long-term antistreptococcal prophylaxis to prevent, or immunoregulatory therapy ( e . g ., intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange ) to treat exacerbations of this disorder ".
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