"Colorimetric system " : Judd introduced the concept of keeping luminosity and chromaticness separate in the CIE system.
2.
The blackness and the chromaticness together add up to less than or equal to 100 % their remainder from 100 %, if any, gives the amount of whiteness.
3.
Colors in the NCS are defined by three values, expressed in percentages, specifying the degree of blackness ( = relative visual similarity to the black elementary color ), chromaticness ( = relative visual similarity to the " strongest ", most saturated, color you can think of ), and hue ( = relative similarity to two of the chromatic elementary colors red, yellow, green and blue, expressed in at most two percentages ).
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