Cryptomelane was approved in 1982 by the International Mineralogical Association ( IMA ).
2.
Some minerals that are commonly associated with akhtenskite are : todorokite, pyrolusite, nsutite, goethite, and cryptomelane.
3.
In 1942 the name " cryptomelane " was proposed as part of an effort to sort out the manganese oxide minerals referred to as " psilomelane ".
4.
Cryptomelane was identified and defined based on X-ray diffraction studies of samples from Tombstone, Arizona; Deming, New Mexico; Mena, Arkansas; and Philipsburg, Montana.
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