| 1. | Under moist conditions, the elaters curl tightly around the spore.
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| 2. | This third region is the pseudo-elaters and spores.
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| 3. | Greek vases generally show the elater as a short, straight stick.
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| 4. | The elater cells do not grow helical thickenings.
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| 5. | The elaters are yellowish, often branches, and varying in size and form.
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| 6. | In the horsetails, elaters are four ribbon-like appendages attached to the spores.
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| 7. | Glebal elaters are aseptate and not branched.
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| 8. | Within the capsule, cells divide to produce both elater cells and spore-producing cells.
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| 9. | At that time, the elaters uncoil to extend out from the spore and will catch air currents.
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| 10. | In the hornworts, elaters are branched clusters of cells that develop in the sporophyte alongside the spores.
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