| 1. | This process is guided by long RNAs derived from the parental macronucleus.
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| 2. | The macronucleus provides the nuclear RNA for vegetative growth.
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| 3. | The macronucleus begins as a copy of the micronucleus.
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| 4. | They are unusual among eukaryotes in that reproduction involves a micronucleus and a macronucleus.
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| 5. | There is apparently little, if any, DNA damage in the new macronucleus.
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| 6. | The macronucleus controls non-reproductive cell functions, expressing the genes needed for daily functioning.
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| 7. | During reproduction, the macronucleus splits by a type of amitosis, and the micronuclei undergo mitosis.
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| 8. | Ciliates contain two types of nuclei : somatic " macronucleus " and the germline " micronucleus ".
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| 9. | The cell then divides transversally, and each new cell obtains a copy of the micronucleus and the macronucleus.
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| 10. | Like all ciliates, " Paramecia " have a polyploid macronucleus, and one or more micronuclei.
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