Menadione in combination with vitamin C has been investigated for the treatment for prostate cancer.
3.
Low-dose menadione is still used as an inexpensive micronutrient for livestock in many countries.
4.
Menadione, a phased-out synthetic form of Vitamin K, is also known to be toxic.
5.
Examples of redox cycling-inducing molecules are the herbicide paraquat and other viologens and quinones such as menadione.
6.
In vitro studies with recombinant proteins indicate that the CBR1 V88 isoform has a higher Vmax towards the substrates menadione ( vitamin K 3 ) and daunorubicin.
7.
Although the natural K 1 and all K 2 homologues and synthetic K 4 and K 5 have proven nontoxic, the synthetic form K 3 ( menadione ) has shown toxicity.
8.
Forms of menadione are also included in some pet foods in developed countries as a source of vitamin K . These doses have yielded no reported cases of toxicity from menadione in livestock or pets.
9.
Forms of menadione are also included in some pet foods in developed countries as a source of vitamin K . These doses have yielded no reported cases of toxicity from menadione in livestock or pets.
10.
Unlike the safe natural forms of vitamin K 1 and vitamin K 2 and their various isomers, a synthetic form of vitamin K, vitamin K 3 ( menadione ), is demonstrably toxic at high levels.
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