| 1. | Ethylene Glycol and its ethers are nephrotoxic if applied to damaged skin.
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| 2. | Fumonisin B 1 is hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic in all animal species tested.
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| 3. | Schnellmann, R . G . : Pathophysiology of Nephrotoxic Cell Injury.
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| 4. | These agents may also cause kidney impairment, especially in combination with other nephrotoxic agents.
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| 5. | It may be less nephrotoxic than indomethacin.
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| 6. | While dichloroacetylene is nephrotoxic in rats, it does not show any signs of nephrotoxicity in humans.
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| 7. | It has also been shown to have anti-nephrotoxic properties, and to mobilize calcium transport.
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| 8. | Schnellmann, R . G . and Kelly, K . : Pathophysiology of Nephrotoxic Acute Renal Failure.
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| 9. | However, in AKI, the use of IV contrast is contraindicated as the contrast agent used is nephrotoxic.
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| 10. | It is " practically non-toxic " but high doses are probably nephrotoxic after long-term use.
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