For example, the male " Panorpa " scorpionflies attempt to force copulation.
2.
The life-cycle of " Panorpa nuptialis " and its habits, have become of interest in the field of forensic entomology.
3.
Predation of a larva by a scorpionfly " Panorpa germanica " has been observed in the field, but other larval predators of this specific species are not known . all of which are common on the tansy around the York population.