In adult-hood, small paraumbilical veins remain in the substance of the ligament.
2.
Importantly this type of hernia must be distinguished from a paraumbilical hernia, which occurs in adults and involves a defect in the midline near to the umbilicus, and from omphalocele.
3.
It is caused by dilation of the paraumbilical veins, which carries oxygenated blood from mother to fetus " in utero " and normally closes within one week of birth, becoming re-canalised due to portal hypertension caused by liver failure.
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