Even in electrostatically neutral systems, a net polar crystals.
2.
Polar crystals only reveal their nature when perturbed in some fashion that momentarily upsets the balance with the compensating surface charge.
3.
The electrostatic energy of a polar crystal ( i . e ., a crystal with a net dipole \ mathbf { p } _ { uc } in the unit cell ) is conditionally convergent, i . e ., depends on the order of the summation.
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