| 1. | Polynya is an area of open water surrounded by sea ice.
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| 2. | There is also a large, permanent polynya near Sireniki.
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| 3. | Though polynyas form in the area, the island is commonly ice locked.
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| 4. | This polynya lasted for several weeks before disappearing on August 16, 1980.
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| 5. | It is most widespread throughout the polynyas and pack ice of the Bering Sea.
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| 6. | The southern winter winds shift this ice northwards, making polynyas near the sea centre.
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| 7. | The surface wind creates the polynyas which opens up the water surface to more wind.
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| 8. | The first ice that forms in a polynya are loose ice crystals called frazil ice.
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| 9. | Freed from the ice cover, wildlife can prosper in these " polynyas ."
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| 10. | The expedition investigated the ice, biology, oceanography, and biogeochemistry of the Amundsen Sea Polynya.
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