According to Lewis and Elvin-Lewis, the active compounds within " Kalmia polifolia " include andromedotoxin and arbutin.
12.
Arbutin is derived from the leaves of bearberry, cranberry, mulberry or blueberry shrubs, and also is present in most types of pears.
13.
The shrub is allelopathic, inhibiting the growth of other plants in its understory when rain leaches toxic arbutin and phenolic acids from its foliage.
14.
Skin lightening cosmetics containing bearberry are safe to use as arbutin does not have any toxicity, side-effects, stimulation or even unpleasant odour.
15.
Arbutin, the active compound in bearberry, is also able to cure hyperpigmentation or skin darkening, which is due to the inhibition of melanin biosynthesis.
16.
"' Arbutin "'is a glycoside; a glycosylated hydroquinone extracted from the bearberry plant in the genus " Arctostaphylos ".
17.
"Bergenia crassifolia " contains the polyphenols arbutin, kaempferol 3-lathyroside, catechin 3-O-gallate, tannins and the pectin bergenan.
18.
For hyperpigmentation and antioxidative capabilities, licorice, green tea, arbutin, soy, acai berry, turmeric and pomegranate are among those plants and compounds found to be most beneficial.
19.
Those porters which lack a IIA domain include the maltose, arbutin-salicin-cellobiose, trehalose, putative glucoside and sucrose porters of " E . coli ."
20.
Escherichia coli extract and cranberry have a potentially preventive effect on the development of chronic bacterial prostatitis, while combining antibiotics with saw palmetto, lactobacillus sporogens and arbutin may lead to better treatment outcomes.
