More recently ( ca . 1975 ), nanoindentation techniques have been established as the primary tool for investigating the hardness of small volumes of material.
12.
The attention in studying adhesion at the micro-and nanoscale increased with the development of AFM : it can be used in nanoindentation experiments, in order to quantify adhesion forces
13.
A good nanoindentation machine prints out the load unload curve data with labels to each of the segments such as loading, top hold, unload, bottom hold, and reloading.
14.
Both the DMT and the JKR theories form the basis of contact mechanics upon which all transition contact models are based and used in material parameter prediction in nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy.
15.
For nanoindentation experiments which include a holding period at constant load ( i . e . the flat, top area of the load-displacement curve ), m can be determined from
16.
Nanoindentation, also called " depth sensing indentation " or " instrumented indentation ", gained popularity with the development of machines that could record small load and displacement with high accuracy and precision.
17.
For nanoindentation experiments performed with a conical indenter on a thin film deposited on a substrate or on a multilayer sample, the NIMS Matlab toolbox is useful for load-displacement curves analysis and calculations of Young's modulus and hardness of the coating.
18.
The result is internal ( compressive ) stress that can appear to add to the hardness measured for a sample of DLC . Hardness is often measured by nanoindentation methods in which a finely pointed stylus of natural diamond is forced into the surface of a specimen.
19.
Nanoindentation experiments, performed by several groups on multiwalled carbon nanotubes and tapping / contact mode atomic force microscope measurements performed on single-walled carbon nanotubes, indicated a Young's modulus of the order of several GPa, confirming that CNTs are indeed rather soft in the radial direction.
20.
Nanoindentation improves on these macro-and micro-indentation tests by indenting on the nanoscale with a very precise tip shape, high spatial resolutions to place the indents, and by providing real-time load-displacement ( into the surface ) data while the indentation is in progress.
