In 2008, an experimental new drug was discovered for the potential treatment of cocaine abuse and overdose based on the pseudocholinesterase structure.
12.
The function of plasma pseudocholinesterase is unknown, but its activity is considered to be a more sensitive biomarker for organophosphate exposure than erythrocyte cholinesterase activity.
13.
The more detailed pre-operative medical history aims to discover genetic disorders ( such as malignant hyperthermia or pseudocholinesterase deficiency ), habits ( respiratory diseases ) that might impact the anesthetic.
14.
Butyrylcholinesterase ( ) ( BCHE ), also known as cholinesterase, choline esterase II, BChE, BuChE, pseudocholinesterase ( PCE ), plasma cholinesterase ( PChE ), serum cholinesterase ( SChE ), butylcholinesterase, or ( most formally ) acylcholine acylhydrolase, is produced in the liver and found primarily in blood plasma.
15.
Allergic reactions to procaine are usually not in response to procaine itself, but to its metabolite PABA . About one in 3000 white North Americans is homozygotic ( i . e . has two copies of the abnormal gene ) for the most common atypical form of the enzyme pseudocholinesterase, and do not hydrolyze ester anesthetics such as procaine.
16.
When muscle relaxant with rapid onset and short duration of action is required, there has been little choice apart from suxamethonium but this drug has important contraindications; for example, it can trigger malignant hyperthermia in susceptible individuals, it has a prolonged duration of action in patients with pseudocholinesterase deficiency and it causes an increase in plasma potassium concentration which is dangerous in some circumstances.
17.
The term " cholinesterase " is sometimes used to refer specifically to butyrylcholinesterase, but this usage produces the oddity that " cholinesterase " and " false cholinesterase " ( " pseudocholinesterase " ) under that scheme mean the same thing ( confusingly ), and acetylcholinesterase is then called " true cholinesterase " in contrast, producing the second oddity that " cholinesterase " and " true cholinesterase " then do not mean the same thing.
