| 21. | Fourth-generation fluoroquinolones act at DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV . This dual action slows development of resistance.
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| 22. | In addition, DNA gyrase is needed to relieve the topological stress created by the action of DnaB helicase.
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| 23. | Nalidixic acid and related antibiotics inhibit a subunit of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV and induce formation of cleavage complexes.
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| 24. | Consequently, a different site of MurI, distant from its active site, is involved in interacting with gyrase.
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| 25. | The unique ability of gyrase to introduce negative supercoils into DNA is what allows bacterial DNA to have free negative supercoils.
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| 26. | DNA gyrase has two subunits, which in turn have two subunits each, i . e . 2A and 2B subunits.
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| 27. | While topoisomerase IV does relax positive supercoils like DNA gyrase, it does not introduce further negative supercoiling like the latter enzyme.
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| 28. | For gyrase, the structure has a substantial hole in the middle, which is presumed to accommodate the T-segment.
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| 29. | This was shown by the inclusion of the racemase substrate L-glutamate in an assay with the separated gyrase inhibition site.
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| 30. | Dosages 12 20 mg / kg orally administered for five to ten days . The antibiotic works by inhibiting the enzyme DNA gyrase.
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