Quinine may also trigger a rare form of hypersensitivity reaction in malaria patients termed blackwater fever that results in massive hemolysis, hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria, and renal failure.
22.
She suggested the use of eculizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody drug developed by Alexion Pharmaceuticals and approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
23.
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is caused by complement breakdown of RBCs due to an inability to make GPI . Thus the RBCs are not protected by GPI anchored proteins such as DAF.
24.
A hemolytic reaction can occur between 3 and 14 days as a result of a secondary immune response, with a drop in hemoglobin level, fever, jaundice, or hemoglobinuria.
25.
Genetic defects in GPI-anchor attachment that cause a reduction or loss of both CD59 and CD55 on erythrocytes produce the symptoms of the disease paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria ( PNH ).
26.
The Dutch physician Enneking coined the term " paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria " ( or " haemoglobinuria paroxysmalis nocturna " in Latin ) in 1928, which has since become the default description.
27.
Hemoglobinuria is another indicator of intravascular hemolysis, but disappears more quickly than hemosiderin, which can remain in the urine for several weeks; therefore, hemosiderinuria is a better marker for intravascular hemolysis.
28.
His name is lent to " Winckel's disease ", a disease originally described in the epidemic form in 1879 . It has been referred to as " epidemic hemoglobinuria of the newborn ".
29.
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria ( PNH ) is a rare condition resulting from acquired alterations in the " PIGA " gene, which plays a role in the protection of blood cells from the complement system.
30.
Myoglobin was demonstrated in the urine of victims by spectroscopy, and it was noted that the kidneys of victims resembled those of patients who had hemoglobinuria ( hemoglobin rather than myoglobin being the cause of the kidney damage ).
