The most common presentation is hepatic ( liver ) cirrhosis in combination with hypopituitarism, cardiomyopathy, diabetes, arthritis, or hyperpigmentation.
22.
Aside from sun exposure and hormones, hyperpigmentation can be caused by skin damage, such as remnants of blemishes, wounds or rashes.
23.
Some may present with hyperpigmentation, due to co-secretion with melanocyte-stimulating hormone ( MSH ), and possible penile enlargement.
24.
"' Sampaolesi line "'is seen on gonioscopy as hyperpigmentation at, or anterior to, Schwalbe's line.
25.
By interfering with new production of melanin in the epidermis, hydroquinone leads to less hyperpigmentation as darkened skin cells are naturally shed over time.
26.
Hyperpigmentation is related to the patient's skin tone, with skin types IV, V and VI more prone regardless of the wavelength used.
27.
Arbutin, the active compound in bearberry, is also able to cure hyperpigmentation or skin darkening, which is due to the inhibition of melanin biosynthesis.
28.
Excess deposits of melanin can cause dark spots or patches on the gums ( melanin gingival hyperpigmentation ), especially at the base of the interdental papillae.
29.
Decreasing tyrosinase activity has been targeted for the betterment or prevention of conditions related to the hyperpigmentation of the skin, such as melasma and age spots.
30.
Complications, while rare, include venous thromboembolism, visual disturbances, allergic reaction, thrombophlebitis, skin necrosis, and hyperpigmentation or a red treatment area.
