The first three stages feed by sucking sap from the plant whilst the fourth stage only does so initially, later becoming a puparium while undergoing some internal reorganisation of its tissues.
22.
One morning this week, two queens and a monarch butterfly were holding court in the puparium where visitors can watch the miniature miracle of a butterfly spreading its wings for the first time.
23.
The males become sexually mature after 24 hours of leaving their puparium ( the hardened shell the pupae mature in ), while females take about 6 7 days to become fully sexually mature.
24.
The inflation of the ptilinum ( using fluid hemolymph rather than air ) creates pressure along the line of weakness in the puparium, which then bursts open along the seam to allow the adult to escape.
25.
During the pre-pupal stage, the larvae begin to excrete a silk-like white liquid from their salivary glands which solidifies into a sort of scleritized protective film from which the puparium will form.
26.
Pupae of Brachycera Cyclorrhapha have coarctate pupae in a puparium ( a case formed by the hardening of the larval skin ), formed by a modification of morphological and biochemical exuvia of the last larval stage.
27.
Tsetse next develop a hard external case, the puparium, and become pupae & mdash; small, hard-shelled, oblongs with two distinctive, small, dark lobes at the tail ( breathing ) end.
28.
The defining feature of the Schizophora is the presence of a special structure used to help the emerging adult fly break free of the puparium; this structure is an inflatable membranous sac called the ptilinum that protrudes from the face, above the antennae.
29.
To tell the difference between " C . loewi " and " C . vomitoria ", the SDF for " C . vomitoria " decreases ( the spiracles come closer together ) when the puparium transitions between the 2nd and 3rd instars.
30.
The prepupal stage takes 1.5 days and the pupal stage takes 3 days at a temperature of 29 �C . Pupation usually occurs near the soil surface or near decaying flesh, and the skin of the larvae hardens to form a dark brown puparium or outer casing.
