| 21. | The fungus readily forms telia on these hosts, which serve as a reservoir of overwintering teliospores.
|
| 22. | At the terminal end of the hypha, thick-walled, resting spores called teliospores form.
|
| 23. | Each teliospore undergoes karyogamy ( fusion of nuclei ) and meiosis to form four haploid spores called basidiospores.
|
| 24. | These teliospores located either in the soil or on the plant, germinate in the presence of water.
|
| 25. | Teliospores are resistant to harsh weather and stick to the underside of the leaves which helps for overwintering.
|
| 26. | During August and September " Ribes spp . " give rise to teliospores which infect white pines.
|
| 27. | Prior to the production of the basidium, endospores have also been known to form in the interior of teliospores.
|
| 28. | Teliospores consist of nuclei undergo karyogamy and thereafter meiosis, giving rise to a four-celled basidium with haploid basidiospores.
|
| 29. | The teliospores in the smutted grain heads disperse to the open flowers of the healthy plants, and the cycle continues.
|
| 30. | Some hyphal cells give rise to smut sori, bearing teliospores, which emerge through the leaf tissue for wind dispersal.
|
