Mango peel pigments under study include carotenoids, such as the provitamin A compound, beta-carotene, lutein and alpha-carotene, and polyphenols, such as quercetin, kaempferol, gallic acid, caffeic acid, catechins and tannins.
32.
The leaves and flowers of " P . officianlis " contains the flavonoids kaempferol-3-bioside, the 3-glucosides and 3-rutinosides of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, 3-sophorosides of quercetin and kaempferol and 3-neohesperosides of kaempferol and isorhamnetin.
33.
The leaves and flowers of " P . officianlis " contains the flavonoids kaempferol-3-bioside, the 3-glucosides and 3-rutinosides of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, 3-sophorosides of quercetin and kaempferol and 3-neohesperosides of kaempferol and isorhamnetin.
34.
The leaves and flowers of " P . officianlis " contains the flavonoids kaempferol-3-bioside, the 3-glucosides and 3-rutinosides of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, 3-sophorosides of quercetin and kaempferol and 3-neohesperosides of kaempferol and isorhamnetin.
35.
The leaves and flowers of " P . officianlis " contains the flavonoids kaempferol-3-bioside, the 3-glucosides and 3-rutinosides of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin, 3-sophorosides of quercetin and kaempferol and 3-neohesperosides of kaempferol and isorhamnetin.
36.
Eugenol composes 72 90 % of the essential oil extracted from cloves and is the compound most responsible for clove aroma . gallotannic acid, methyl salicylate ( painkiller ), the flavonoids eugenin, kaempferol, rhamnetin, and eugenitin, triterpenoids such as oleanolic acid, stigmasterol, and campesterol and several sesquiterpenes.
37.
Other compounds found in passion flowers are coumarins ( e . g . scopoletin and umbelliferone ), maltol, phytosterols ( e . g . lutenin ) and cyanogenic glycosides ( e . g . gynocardin ) which render some species, i . e . " benzoflavone, homoorientin, 7-isoorientin, isoshaftoside, isovitexin ( or saponaretin ), kaempferol, lucenin, luteolin, n-orientin, passiflorine ( named after the genus ), quercetin, rutin, saponarin, shaftoside, vicenin and vitexin.
