The use of chest tubes in postoperative thoracic care was reported in 1922, and they were regularly used post-thoracotomy in World War II, though they were not routinely used for emergency tube thoracostomy following acute trauma until the Korean War.
42.
According to University Hospitals, the alternative treatment for someone with Reeve's paralysis is a thoracotomy, in which doctors open the patient's chest to attach electrodes directly to the nerves that control breathing _ a procedure that is both more expensive and risky.
43.
Despite the lack of financial backing and grants, they persisted and the first device was implanted in February 1980 at Johns Hopkins Hospital by Dr . Levi Watkins, Jr . Modern ICDs do not require a thoracotomy and possess pacing, cardioversion, and defibrillation capabilities.
44.
"' Posterolateral thoracotomy "'is an incision through an intercostal space on the back, and is often widened with hilum ( pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein ) and therefore is considered the approach of choice for pulmonary resection ( pneumonectomy and lobectomy ).
45.
The thoracoabdominal approach opens the abdominal and thoracic cavities together, the two-stage Ivor Lewis ( also called Lewis Tanner ) approach involves an initial laparotomy and construction of a gastric tube, followed by a right thoracotomy to excise the tumor and create an esophagogastric anastomosis.
46.
"' Traumatic cardiac arrest "'is a condition in which the heart has protocols in place in how to manage traumatic cardiac arrest, but certain people benefit from the use of a thoracotomy in order to gain access and repair damage from the injury.
47.
In 1966, American surgeons William Rashkind and William Miller transformed the palliation of d-TGA patients with the innovative " Rashkind balloon atrial septostomy ", which, unlike the thoracotomy required by a septectomy, is performed through the minimally invasive surgical technique of cardiac catheterization.
48.
Thoracotomy, as most commonly performed, requires cutting through one or more major muscles of the chest wall including the latissimus dorsi, thoracic surgeons generally intentionally remove a section of one or more ribs in an effort to prevent splintered rib fracture associated with the use of the rib spreader.
49.
A great deal of emphasis is placed on post-operative pulmonary toilet because the incisional pain associated with thoracotomy leads to a decreased ability of patients to cough and clear bronchial secretions, which in turn leads to an increased risk of persistent atelectasis ( collapsed areas of lung ) or pneumonia.
50.
The "'Ashrafian "'or "'Aztec "'thoracotomy was devised to give rapid access to the heart and pericardium through an incision that consists of an anterior thoracic incision followed in a vertical direction along the costo-chondral ( rib-cartilage ) junction.
