These include an endless belt with jugs attached, a cow-powered shadoof, and a reciprocating device with hinged valves.
2.
When compared to each other however, the Sakkieh is much more efficient, as it can bring up water from a depth of 10 metres ( versus the 3 metres of the shadoof ).
3.
The Latin word " grus ", like the English word " crane, " can refer to either the bird or a Roman Spain, and means " shadoof, " an irrigation apparatus.
4.
An animal-driven sakia can raise water from 10 20 metres depth, and is thus considerably more efficient than a swape or " shadoof ", as it is known in Arabic, which can only pump water from 3 metres.
5.
Levering methods are considered to be the most tenable solution to complement ramping methods, partially due to Herodotus's description; and partially to the Shadoof; an irrigation device first depicted in Egypt during the New Kingdom, and found concomitantly with the Old Kingdom in Mesopotamia.
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