| 1. | Addicted individuals show deficits in orbitofrontal, striatal, and thalamic regions.
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| 2. | D 2 receptors inhibit striatal neurons in the inhibitory pathway.
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| 3. | Secretoneurin also stimulates dopamine release from the central striatal neurons and basal ganglia.
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| 4. | Both impulsivity and compulsivity are driven by dysfunctional cortico-striatal neural circuits.
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| 5. | Similar to the direct pathway, the indirect pathway is regulated by striatal dopamine.
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| 6. | Huntington's disease ( HD ) is a polyglutamine cerebral and striatal neurodegeneration.
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| 7. | In another study, it was shown to significantly reduce striatal tyrosine hydroxylase activity.
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| 8. | The authors suggested that fronto-striatal abnormalities related to HIV may underlie these impairments.
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| 9. | One proposed model for mania suggests that hyperactive fronto-striatal reward circuits result in manic symptoms.
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| 10. | The ventral striatal MSNs play a key role in motivation, reward, reinforcement, and aversion.
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